Thursday, September 28, 2017

Chart Talk: Reimagining The USA


We tend to think of the US as a country made up of 50 states.  In reality though those 50 states could be broken down into regions and metropolitan areas to better explain how it is we actually live.  I reside in the Chicago area which is mostly in Illinois, yet most people here think of themselves as Chicagoans as opposed to much allegiance to the state.  States may have at one point defined us but today there are better ways.  In that manner, here's a cool image from the website Visual Capitalist that shows our Gross Domestic Product by metropolitan areas.  {You can double-click on this map to get a larger picture of it.} 

You can see that metropolitan clusters are where much of the economic growth and innovation are occurring.  According to the post, "80% of Americans live in cites-and the 10 largest metro areas alone combine for a whopping 34% of the country's total GDP"

Back early next week.

Tuesday, September 26, 2017

The New iPhone


Apple Inc. {AAPL} has moved lower in the days since they announced their new series of iPhones.  There have been a few theories why that is and while I don't pretend to have all the answers I'm gonna throw out my theory on what's at least part of the problem.

I have an iPhone 6 or 6s. You can see a picture of it above.   I bought it three years ago and it was state of the art.  I upgraded the memory since I use it for business and paid I think $699 for it plus tax.  That iPhone was the first I bought where a substantial part of the price of the phone wasn't subsidized by my carrier like it had been in the past.  Yes, they gave me some small deal but the majority of the cost fell on me.  For the first time I became aware that I was paying what amounted to the cost of a cheap laptop for the privilege of carrying around a mini-computer in my pocket.  

I have managed to drop this phone more than all my others combined.  A particular bad fall out hiking in the summer of 2016 led to a cracked screen which I've been dealing with ever since.  You can see the cracks in the screen above.   I could have fixed it for about $100, but since it didn't really bother me and it worked,  I decided to leave it alone.  I could have also replaced it as my contract with my carrier was up but I gambled that I could wait about a year or so for whatever the next generation of wonder products Apple was sure to bring out.  Besides upgrading to the iPhone 7 meant that I'd have to buy a pair of the wireless ear buds as the ear phone jack is now gone.  Those look like they're begging to be lost about the first time I wear them or set them aside and while I know that eventually I'll have to bow to the inevitable, I'd look to put that off as long as possible.

I've won my gamble with time.  My iPhone 6 or 6s has made it to this year's anticipated new rollout.  After three years it's going to be time for me to upgrade to a newer generation of product......except I'm not excited about any of the new phones.   Yes they offer a faster processor and it's my understanding the screen's are going to have better resolutions and colors.  I know the phones have a better camera {the one on my 6 is pretty decent though} and if I want to splurge for facial recognition in the iPhone X it's there.  Apple is betting on augmented reality being the next big thing and I know that at least the X will give you that.  Time will tell but it wouldn't surprise me if augmented reality at least initially goes the way of the 3-D television.  

For me, and I'll guess millions of folks like me, all the things I need my iPhone to do it now does.  What I really need Apple to develop is a method of projection so that it's not so hard for my 57 year old eyes to see on the little screen.  I don't care how big you make the phone, you can't make the screen in a practical manner big enough that it still functions as a phone and older folks can comfortably view it.   That this isn't being offered tells me that either it's too expensive or not available given today's technology.   All the rest of the bells and whistles on the new phones are in my opinion "nice to have" sort of things but they don't move the needle enough for me to run out there and be the first in line to upgrade.  They're to me incremental upgrades, not "wow I gotta have this!" improvements.

Now I think Apple is going to sell millions of phones in this cycle if for no other reason than all the folks like me that need a new phone.  These things are built to last it seems maybe three years and while I won my bet from last year it's time for a replacement.  Only I don't know which phone that's going to be.  For me the X is out.  I can't justify paying that sort of money for what to me are unnecessary improvements, albeit likely cool improvements.  They say the processor on the 8 and the camera are the same as the X and so far for me that looks like the way to go.  

But I just might go with a 7 given it's price and what I need it to do.  That makes me wonder how many of us are going to feel the same way.  If Apple sells more of the 7s than thought and more users vote for the 8 over the X what does that do for Apple's margins?  How does that affect Apple if consumers consistently going forward opt to hold their phones longer and buy last year's model when they upgrade?  I don't know of course but I wonder if  that sort of thinking may be what's hit Apple's stock since they announced the new phones.  It may not be much of a wrinkle in the long term investment thesis and Apple's still going to make a boatload of cash from these new phones.   But for the first time that I can remember Apple announced new products and consumers yawned.  We'll have to see if this is a long term event in terms of consumer behavior or if I'm wrong about what may be going through consumer's heads.  I'm pretty sure it's been a short-term concern in the minds of traders in Apple's stock.

And I'll let you know what I decide to do when the time comes.  I may just hang on to my 6 until it gives up the ghost.  

Back Thursday.

*Long Apple in a few accounts who have wanted to own the shares and asked us to purchase the stock for them.  Apple is a component in many ETFs we own in client and personal accounts.  I have no opinion on Apple's investment merits and write about it in this blog solely for the purpose of  discussing it's current short-term weakness.  Therefore, nothing in this post should be taken as either an explicit or an implicit recommendation regarding Apple's stock.  You should do your own research or have a discussion with you investment advisor before making any decisions regarding the company's shares.

Monday, September 25, 2017

Vietnam: Go Watch

Sadly, I have to be out this morning attending a funeral so that is going to take up a better portion of my day.  Instead of talking about the markets I want to make a suggestion that if you have the time and the stomach for it then go watch Ken Burn's PBS series on the Vietnam War.  

Vietnam was the background of my childhood.  We ate dinner every night when I was a kid around 6:00 and my father kept CBS news on in the kitchen so he could listen to Walter Cronkite at the same time.  Vietnam was front and center every night for us.  It was the background noise to our dinner conversations.   I was born in 1960 and obviously as a young kid I was pretty oblivious to the early years of the war.  But by the time I was about seven I became interested in the space program.  The mid-1960's were also the glory days of the Apollo moon program so I watched the news for information about NASA and the astronauts.  In the process I was served a healthy portion of Vietnam.  I don't remember much about Vietnam until the Tet Offensive in 1968.  I know Tet was the turning point in the war but it was also the turning point in my hometown.  After Tet, after Walter Cronkite came on the TV and said we couldn't win the war, opinions in my hometown changed.  A lot of folks thought we should just get out at that point and a lot of other people believed if we had a national effort like World War II then the war could be over quickly.  We didn't go that far and the war dragged on for years afterwards.  

Watching the Vietnam documentary, especially when they show scenes of America in the 1960s, is like rerunning memories from my childhood.  If you're about my age or older go watch it if you can and see if you feel the same way.  If you're younger then go watch Vietnam and compare it with today.  They say that history doesn't repeat itself but it rhymes.  See if you agree.  I know that it seems as if we forgot the lessons we should have learned in the past twenty years or so.

Back soon talking about the markets.

Thursday, September 21, 2017

Another Reason To Love ETFs....Fees Keep Coming Down!

There are a lot of reason to love ETFs but one of the main considerations for investors is that they are cheap in terms of investment management fees and those fees keep coming down.  Below is the fee structure for a selected list of ETFs in the smart-beta category.  For practical consideration we'll define smart-beta as an ETF management concept that combines certain aspects of active investment management on top of a passively designed portfolio.  This category has exploded in the past couple of years and has traditionally been able to charge more for the assets under management, under the theory that the active management portion of the portfolio was worth more than a traditional passive ETF.  


In the chart above {linked below} you can see some of the more larger smart-beta ETFs charge on average about 18 basis points and if you take the Vanguard funds out of the equation then the average amounts to around 25 basis points.  By comparison, a typical run of the mill passive index fund on a major market index usually charges between 4 and 10 basis points and most mutual funds have costs between 85 and 125 basis points {.85%-1.25%}.  The cost differential is one of the main reasons mutual funds have been hemorrhaging assets these past few years.  

Now the fee structure for higher cost smart-beta ETFs may be under pressure as well.  Goldman Sachs is getting into the smart-beta game, filing for an equal-weighted S&P 500 product with a fee structure  of .09 basis points {.09%}.  The blog Market Watch in an article linked below quoted Stephen Tu, a senior analyst at Moody’s who noted the following:

{Goldman’s} "move expands the ETF price war beyond plain vanilla ETFs into smart-beta ETFs, implying that the industry’s higher pricing assumptions for smart-beta products will not hold......The plain vanilla ETF category has experienced a severe price war in which products pricing has migrated toward zero basis points, and this aggressive price competition is migrating up toward the smart-beta category....As a result, much of the hope and investment traditional managers placed into smart beta as a product salvation may be at risk. This is negative for traditional active managers that move into this space and expect to charge active light management fees, but will rather face a more index-like pricing environment.”

Fees are not the only consideration when investing in an ETF and at some point the price differential may make no difference.  After all the average investor is hardly going to notice the difference in portfolio performance between a fund that charges say 10 basis points versus 11.  However, funds being forced to shave something like 20 basis points off of their fee structure is something that has the potential to impact a client's portfolio.  Especially for funds that have had decent longer term performance.  My prediction if this continues is that you'll see a lot of the 2nd tier players in the ETF space either close funds or sell out.  Going to be hard for some of these companies to compete if they don't have the same economies of scale as a Vanguard or maybe even a Goldman Sachs.  Just another feather in ETF's cap.

*Of the funds shown in the chart above we own DVY, SDY and RSP in client and personal accounts although positions can change at any time.  We reserve the right to change these investments without notice on this blog or via any other form of verbal, written or electronic communication.


Back early next week.

Tuesday, September 19, 2017

Valuation {09.19.17}

The S&P 500 closed yesterday at 2,504.60 which is a gain of nearly 12%  for the year without factoring in dividends. This represents a gain of 6.64% from a market close of 2,348.70 from when we  last reviewed these numbers back on April 24, 2017.  Below is our current valuation analysis.  We are still using a current earnings range of $130-133 with a mid-point of $131.50 on the S&P 500 for 2017.  We are currently using a mid-point $140 estimate for 2018 S&P 500 earnings and a rolling four quarter estimate of 137.50.    We also use a simple color code to give you some reference for these numbers.  Green will indicate that the valuation on the index on a strictly historical basis has become more attractive from the last time we did this review.  Red will indicate the opposite.  Black means unchanged.
Our Midpoint S&P 500 Earnings Estimate of $131.50. {Year End 2017}

Current PE:                     19.04% {PE has advanced from previous review of 17.86}
Earnings Yield:                 5.25% {down from previous review of 5.59%}
Dividend Yield:                1.90% {Estimated basically unchanged from previous of 1.90%}

Current Expected Price Cone of Probability {COP}:   1,950-2,500. {Unchanged} 

Rolling Four Quarter Estimate for the S&P 500, Our Estimate $137.50:

Current PE:                     18.21% 
Earnings Yield:                 5.49% 
Dividend Yield:                2.00% {Estimated}

The current yield on the 10 year US Treasury is 2.23%.  That is unchanged since the last time we did this review.    

The Cone of Probability {COP} is our current assessment of the trading range within which we think stocks have the potential to trade during the described time period.  It is a probabilistic assessment based on a many factors.  Some of these inputs are: Earnings estimates, also are those estimates rising or falling, dividend yield, earnings yield and the current yield on the US 10 year treasury.  This is not an exhaustive list of all of the variables that are used in creating the cone.  The Cone of Probability is used solely for analytical purposes.  It will fluctuate with market conditions and changes to the data inputs.  Index prices can and have traded outside of the range of the cone.  The data supplied when we discuss the cone is for informational use only.  There should be no expectation that this price range will be accurate and there are no guarantees that this information is correct.


*Long ETFs related to the S&P 500 in client accounts, although positions can change at any time   Currently short SPY and ETFs related to the S&P 500 in a personal account related to an options strategy not employed in client accounts.  We reserve the right to change these investments without notice on this blog or via any other form of verbal, written or electronic communication.

Back Thursday.

Tuesday, September 12, 2017

Chart Talk {09.12.17}


This post from the Almanac Trader shows why investors fret about September.  Here's the author, Jeff Hirsch's analysis regarding the historical trading by each day over the past twenty years.  Notice the weakness as the month advances:

"Over the last 21 years the market’s performance in September has been turbulent. DJIA recorded back-to-back losses in 2001 and 2002 of 11.1% and 12.4% respectively, but DJIA was up 7.7% in 2010. Average losses range from 0.06% by NASDAQ to a 0.69% decline by DJIA. Based upon the above chart September typically begins well and all five indexes generally trade choppily higher until around the 15th trading day of the month. From this point until the month closes, DJIA, S&P 500, NASDAQ, Russell 1000 and 2000 give back any early-month gains and drift into the red."

*Long ETFs related to the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq in both clients and personal accounts.   Long ETFs related to the DJIA and the Russell 2000 as legacy positions in certain client accounts.  Currently short SPY and ETFs related to the S&P 500 in a personal account related to an options strategy not employed in client accounts.   We reserve the right to change these investments without notice on this blog or via any other form of verbal, written or electronic communication.  



Thursday, September 07, 2017

Chart Talk {09.07.17}


We've talked in the past about the under performance of international equities versus their US counterparts.  Our most recent discussion on this was here back in May.  International stocks have done better than their US counterparts this year but have significantly underperformed since this bull market began back in 2009.  That may be about to change if the chart above is any indication of the future.  The chart above tracks relative strength which means measures price performance versus another indicator.  In money flow analysis we usually measure a stock or index versus another indicator, usually a major market index.  In that parlance, and at least regarding emerging markets, we are starting to see this index outperform the S&P 500 on a relative basis.  Assuming world economic growth continues to expand then it is possible we are witnessing a longer term rotation away from US stocks and towards markets abroad.

Time will tell.

Back next week When we'll be posting Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday.


*Long ETFs related to the S&P 500 in both clients and personal accounts.  Currently short SPY and ETFs related to the S&P 500 in a personal account related to an options strategy not employed in client accounts.  Long ETFs related to international markets and emerging markets.  We reserve the right to change these investments without notice on this blog or via any other form of verbal, written or electronic communication.  

Wednesday, September 06, 2017

Chart Talk {09.06.17}



The Dow Jones Industrial Average is the index that the average investor knows.  It is also the one that usually garners all the headlines so on a day when it loses 234 points investors pay attention.  That decline though needs to be put into some context.  First it took the combination of North Korea claiming to have detonated a hydrogen bomb over the weekend, the aftermath of hurricane Harvey in Texas and the prospect of hurricane Irma barreling towards Florida to give us that decline.  It didn't help that the index was also very overbought by our work.  Yesterday's action basically erased last week's gains in the index.  The index was down a bit over 1%.  In that context not too much of an extreme move.  Back in the day before volatility seemed to go off on a permanent vacation, these sort of moves were much more frequent.  Oh and it took all the bad news I mentioned above to bring about that decline.  

Now you know, I've said I think there's a higher probability that stocks could hit a rough patch here in the early fall.  So far that scenario hasn't panned out but I think we need to watch events out in the world very carefully right now.  The Korean situation is something I'm keenly focused on and Irma has the potential to wreck havoc in many places.  How the currents steer her in the coming days will impact millions of lives and cost somebody somewhere billions of dollars.  Yet, if we can get beyond  these events and somehow they become less of a "risk off" element than they were yesterday, we'll move into the latter half of 2017.  Without outside catalysts markets historically act pretty well in the 4th quarter of the year.  With the economy going strong and hopefully some of these extenuating circumstances resolved things would have the potential to perhaps look a bit different in a month or two.  We see.  We still have to get through Irma and Korea first.

Chart comes to us from Tradingview.com.  Annotations are mine.

*Long a small legacy position of an ETF related to the Dow Jones Industrial Average in a few client accounts.